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Glossary

The vocabulary
of China outbound

Fifteen terms that recur constantly in cross-border media work and are rarely defined precisely. Each definition is written to stand on its own.

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China outbound advertising

Also: China outbound media

China outbound advertising is advertising bought by Chinese companies to reach audiences outside mainland China, as part of international expansion.
Market
Chuhai (出海)

Also: Going global, going overseas

Chuhai (出海) is the Chinese business term for going overseas — the strategic expansion of a Chinese company into international markets, literally translating as 'going out to sea'.
Market
Cross-border media buying
Cross-border media buying is the purchase of advertising inventory in one country by an advertiser or agency based in another, requiring contracting, settlement and measurement to work across both jurisdictions.
Commercial
Outbound agency

Also: Chuhai agency

An outbound agency is a Chinese media agency specialising in helping Chinese advertisers buy media in international markets, as distinct from agencies serving international brands inside China.
Commercial
Third-party ad server
A third-party ad server is an independent platform that delivers and measures advertising separately from both the advertiser and the media owner, producing a delivery record neither transacting party controls.
Technology
ReachMax

Also: AddNewer

ReachMax, also known as AddNewer, operates as China's largest third-party ad-serving and verification platform, used to independently measure campaign delivery for Chinese advertisers.
Technology
GIVT and SIVT

Also: General and sophisticated invalid traffic

GIVT is general invalid traffic identifiable through routine filtration such as known bot lists; SIVT is sophisticated invalid traffic that requires behavioural analytics to detect because it is engineered to imitate human activity.
Measurement
Viewability
Viewability measures whether a served advertisement had the opportunity to be seen by a human, based on how much of the creative was rendered in the visible area of a screen and for how long.
Measurement
Brand safety
Brand safety is the practice of ensuring advertising does not appear adjacent to content that would damage the advertiser's reputation, and that a media owner's inventory does not carry advertising that breaches its own standards.
Measurement
RMB settlement
RMB settlement is the payment of a media transaction in Chinese renminbi, which requires a compliant cross-border path when the media owner invoices in another currency and jurisdiction.
Commercial
Creative localisation
Creative localisation is the adaptation of advertising for a destination market, covering language, format, pacing, cultural reference and regulatory compliance — not translation alone.
Commercial
Trading desk
A trading desk is a centralised team that executes programmatic media buying on behalf of advertisers, operating demand-side platforms and managing bidding strategy.
Commercial
DSP (demand-side platform)
A demand-side platform is software that lets advertisers and agencies buy advertising inventory programmatically across many publishers through automated real-time bidding.
Technology
Retail media
Retail media is advertising sold by retailers and marketplaces across their own digital properties, using their first-party purchase data for targeting and measurement.
Market
CTV (connected TV)
Connected TV is advertising delivered to internet-connected television screens through streaming applications, combining television's brand impact with digital targeting and measurement.
Market

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